random_bytes
(PHP 7, PHP 8)
random_bytes — Generates cryptographically secure pseudo-random bytes
Description
random_bytes(int
$length): stringGenerates an arbitrary length string of cryptographic random bytes that are suitable for cryptographic use, such as when generating salts, keys or initialization vectors.
The sources of randomness used for this function are as follows:
- On Windows, » CryptGenRandom() will always be used. As of PHP 7.2.0, the » CNG-API will always be used instead.
- On Linux, the » getrandom(2) syscall will be used if available.
- On other platforms, /dev/urandom will be used.
- If none of the aforementioned sources are available, then an Exception will be thrown.
Note: Although this function was added to PHP in PHP 7.0, a » userland implementation is available for PHP 5.2 to 5.6, inclusive.
Parameters
-
length -
The length of the random string that should be returned in bytes.
Return Values
Returns a string containing the requested number of cryptographically secure random bytes.
Errors/Exceptions
Examples
Example #1 random_bytes() example
<?php
$bytes = random_bytes(5);
var_dump(bin2hex($bytes));
?>
The above example will output something similar to:
string(10) "385e33f741"
See Also
- random_int() - Generates cryptographically secure pseudo-random integers
- openssl_random_pseudo_bytes() - Generate a pseudo-random string of bytes
- bin2hex() - Convert binary data into hexadecimal representation
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